ZAYNAB (رضي الله عنها)
Zaynab was the oldest of her sisters.
She was from those who migrated, and she was from the noblest of women.
Her Husband
She married her maternal cousin, Abul-'As, while her mother was alive.
She gave birth to their daughter Umamah, who married 'Ali bin Abi Talib after Fatimah's death.
She also bore him a son named 'Ali bin Abil-'As.
It has been said that 'Ali bin Abil-'As was riding with the Prophet ﷺ on the day Makkah was conquered.
And I believe he died as a child.
Ibn Sad mentioned.
"Abul-'As married Zaynab before the Messenger of Allah ﷺ became a prophet."
Zaynab accepted Islam and migrated six years before her husband.
Aishah narrated,
"Abul-'As fought in the Battle of Badr as a pagan, and he was captured by Abdullah bin Jubayr al-Ansari When the people of Makkah came to seek ransom for their prisoners, Zaynab sent some property to ransom Abul-As.
She gave to Amr bin ar-Rabi (her husband's brother) a necklace of hers which Khadijah had given to her as a wedding gift when she married Abul-As.
When the Messenger of Allah ﷺ saw it, he recognized it and felt great sympathy for Zaynab, and he remembered Khadijah, He said.
'If you like, you can free her prisoner for her and return to her what belongs to her.
They said, 'Yes, we will do so.
The Messenger of Allah ﷺ made an agreement with him that he should let Zaynab come to him (the Messenger) in Madinah.
The Messenger of Allah ﷺ sent Zayd bin Harithah and a man of the Ansar and said, 'Wait in the valley of Ya'jij (a place on the outskirts of Makkah) until Zaynab passes you, then you should accompany her and bring her back.""
Abu Hurayrah said,
"The Messenger of Allah ﷺ sent a military expedition and I was among them.
He said, 'If you find Habbar bin al-Aswad and Näfi' bin 'Abdul-'Amr, then burn both of them.
In another narration,
Abu Hurayrah said:
تغلنا رَسُولُ الله صلى الله عَليْهِ وَسَلَّمَ في بَعْب فقال: إن وجدتم فلان وفلانا فأحرقوهما بالنَّارِ، ثُمَّ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ جين أردنا الخروج: إنِّي أَمَرْتُكُمْ أَن تُخْرِفُوا فلانا وفلانا، وإن النار لا يُعَذِّبْ
بها إلا الله، فإن وجدتُمُوهُما فَاقْتُلُوهُما .
The Messenger of Allah ﷺ sent us on a mission and said,
"If you find so-and-so and so-and-so, then burn them with fire.
"Then the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, when we were about to leave, "I had commanded you to burn so-and-so and so-and-so.
But verily, no one punishes with fire except Allah.
So if you find them, execute them."
- Sahih al bukhari 3016
These two men had prodded Zaynab's camel when she attempted to migrate to Madinah, causing her and the camel to fall.
She suffered a lingering illness from her injuries which she eventually died from.
to be continued...
Abul-'As Accepts Islam:
Abul-'As went to Sham with a caravan from the Quraysh.
Zayd bin Harithah was assigned the mission of intercepting the caravan and he had 170 riders with him.
They intercepted the caravan and sieged it in 6 AH.
They took the people as prisoners and Abul-'As was among them and the prisoners were returned to Madinah.
Abul-'As went to see Zaynab secretly and she granted him asylum.
Then she asked her father to return his possessions, and he did so.
The Prophet ﷺ told him to not approach Zaynab as long as he remained a pagan, so Abul-'As returned to Makkah.
Later, he returned to Madinah as a Muslim, migrating for the sake of Allah in 7 AH in the month of Muharram.
Thus, Zaynab was returned to him on the basis of the first marriage."
Ash-Shu'bah said,
"Zaynab accepted Islam and migrated, then her husband accepted Islam after her, and they were not separated.""
Qatadah said,
"After this, Surah at-Tawbah was revealed, so from that point on, if a woman accepted Islam before her husband, he had to accept Islam and marry her anew."
It has been authentically reported from Ibn 'Abbas:
إن لله ما أخذ وله ما أعطى وكل شيء عند الله بأجل مسمى الصبر
The Messenger of Allah returned his daughter to Abul-'As after a number of years on the basis of the first marriage, and he did not give her a new dowry.
to be continued...
(next post about her death)
Her Death:
Zaynab died in the beginning of 8 AH.
It was narrated that Umm Atiyyah al-Ansariyyah' said,
"The Messenger of Allah ﷺ entered upon us when his daughter died, and said, 'Wash her three times, or five, or more than that, it you see fit.
Wash her with water and lotus leaves, and put camphor in the last wash, or a little camphor.
And when you have finished, let me know'.
When we had finished, we let him know, and he gave us his waist wrapper and said, 'Shroud her in it.
Zaynab was the oldest daughter of the Prophet.
She died in 8 AH.
The Prophet loved her a great deal and would praise her.
She died at the age of 33.
Her husband Abul-'As died in 12 AH in the month of Dhul-Hijjah, during Abu Bakr's caliphate, may Allah be pleased with them all.
Abu 'Uthman said,
"Usamah bin Zayd told me, "The daughter (Zaynab) of the Prophet sent word to him telling him, "A son of mine is dying come to us.
" He sent word to her, conveying his greeting of salam and saying:
إِنَّ لِلَّهِ مَا أَخَذَ وَلَهُ مَا أَعْطَى وَكُلُّ شَيْءٍ عِنْدَ اللَّهِ بِأَجَلٍ مُسَمًّى فَلْتَصْبِرُ وَلْتَحْتَسِبْ .
"To Allah belongs that which He takes and that which He gives.
And everything has an appointed term with Allah.
Let her be patient and seek reward."
She sent word to him adjuring him to go to her.
So he got up and went, accompanied by Sa'd bin Ubadah, Mu'adh bin Jabal, Ubayy bin Ka'b, Zayd bin Thabit, and some other men.
The boy was lifted up to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ , with the death rattle sounding in him, and [the Prophet's] eyes filled with tears.
Sa'd said, "O Messenger of Allah, what is this?
"He said, "This is compassion which Allah has created in the hearts of His slaves.
Allah has mercy on His compassionate slaves.
The Prophet ﷺ Supplicated for Her:
The Prophet ﷺ went to Zaynab's grave while he was sad.
He said, "I thought of Zaynab and her fragility, so I asked Allah the Exalted to lighten the tightness of the grave and its distress upon her.
And He did so.
Therefore, it is easy upon her."
Zaynab is Considered a Martyr:
Ibn Kathir said,
"Urwah said, When Zaynab migrated, a man pushed her camel, causing it to fall on her, which caused her to have a miscarriage.
The injury continued to trouble her until she eventually died from it.
Thus, they used to view her death as the death of a martyr.
END.
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Some Notes from the book 📙
Chapter Zaynab:
- Zaynab's son 'Ali bin Abil-'As died before her.
- She Was born 23 years before migration.
- Abul-'As bin ar-Rabi'.
His mother is Halah bint Khuwaylid, the sister of Khadijah (the wife of the Prophet ﷺ).
- It has been said that Zaynab migrated with her father, but this is not correct.
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