A'ISHAH BINT ABI BAKR AS-SIDDIQ (رضي الله عنها)
She is the daughter of the Imam, as-Siddiq, the Caliph of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, Abu Bakr Abdullah bin Abi Quhafah 'Uthman bin 'Amir bin Amr bin Ka'b bin Sa'd bin Tamim bin Murrah bin Ka'b from the tribe of Quraysh.
She is the Mother of the Believers and the most knowledgeable woman of this ummah without exception.
Her mother is Umm Ruman bint Amir bin 'Uwaymir.
Abu Bakr and Umm Ruman migrated with 'A'ishah.
The Prophet ﷺ married her before migration and after the death of Khadijah.
That was about 10 months before the migration.
Some have said it was two years prior.
The marriage was consummated after the Prophet ﷺ returned from the Battle of Badr.
A great deal of good, blessed knowledge has been narrated by her and her father, and the likes of 'Umar, Fatimah, Sad, Hamzah bin 'Amr al-Aslami, and Judamah bint Wahb.
A'ishah narrated 2,210 ahadith.
Of these ahadith, 174 are agreed upon by al-Bukhari and Muslim.
A'ishah is from those born into Islam. She was eight years younger than Fatimah.
A'ishah used to say:
لَمْ أَعْقِلْ أَبَوَيَّ إِلَّا وَهُمَا يَدِينَانِ الدِّينَ.
I do not have any recollection of my parents except that both of them practiced the religion (Islam).
She was a woman with a white complexion and she was very attractive.
For this reason, she was called "the Little Red One."
The Prophet ﷺ did not marry a virgin other than her and he did not love any woman like he loved her.
I do not know of any woman in the ummah of Muhammad more knowledgeable than her.
Some scholars say she is better than her father, but this is rejected.
Allah has placed measure in everything.
We testify that she is the wife of the Prophet ﷺ in this world and in the Hereafter.
So is there any greater praise than this?!
Although Khadijah has some qualities not found in 'A'ishah, I do not say which one of them is better.
A'ishah said that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said:
I saw you in a dream for three nights when an angel brought you to me in a silk cloth and he said, "Here is your wife," and when I removed (the cloth) from your face, there you were.
So I said, "If this is from Allah, let Him carry it out."
A'ishah said:
I have surely been given nine virtues which were not given to any woman after Maryam bint 'Imran: Jibril descended with my image in his dream until the Prophet ﷺ was commanded to marry me.
He married me when I was a virgin and he did not marry a virgin other than me.
His soul was taken while his head was in my lap.
He was buried in my home.
The angels surrounded my home. Revelation descended while I was with him under his blanket.
I am the daughter of his caliph and his friend.
My name was cleared of the slander from the heavens.
I was created pure for one who is pure.
I have been promised forgiveness and a generous reward."
This hadith has been narrated by Abu Bakr al-Ajurri from Ahmad bin Yahya.
Its chain of narration is hasan, and it has other chains of narration as well.
After the death of Khadijah, the Prophet ﷺ married her and Sawdah at the same time.
He consummated the marriage with Sawdah and he was only with her for three years before he consummated the marriage with 'A'ishah.
'Amr bin al-'Aş asked the Messenger of Allah ﷺ:
أَيُّ النَّاسِ أَحَبُّ إِلَيْكَ؟ قَالَ : عَائِشَةُ ، فَقَالَ
: مِنَ الرِّجَالِ؟ قَالَ : أَبُوهَا .
"Which of the people is most beloved to you?"
He ﷺ said, "A'ishah."
He said, "Who from the men?"
He ﷺ said, "Her father."
This narration is authentic, even if the Rafidah hate it.
The Prophet ﷺ only loved that which is good and wholesome.
The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said:
If I were to take a khalil from this nation, then I would have taken him (Abu Bakr), but the brotherhood of Islam is better.
Thus, he loved the best man from this ummah and the best woman from this ummah.
Whoever hates the beloved of the Messenger of Allah, then it is more befitting that he is hated by Allah and His Messenger.
Abu Hisham said:
The people used to send presents to the Prophet on the day of 'A'ishah's turn.
A'ishah said, "My companions (the other wives of the Prophet) gathered in the house of Umm Salamah and said, 'O Umm Salamah!
By Allah, the people choose to send presents on the day of 'A'ishah's turn, and we, too, love the good as 'A'ishah does.
You should tell Allah's Messenger ﷺ to tell the people to send their presents to him wherever he may be, or wherever his turn may be.'
Umm Salamah said that to the Prophet ﷺ and he turned away from her, and when the Prophet ﷺ returned to her, she repeated the same, and the Prophet ﷺ again turned away, and when she told him the same for the third time, the Prophet ﷺ said,
'O Umm Salamah!
Don't trouble me concerning 'A'ishah, for by Allah, the divine inspiration never came to me while I was under the blanket of any woman amongst you except her.'"
The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said,
"O 'A'ishah, this is Jibril, he conveys the salam to you."
I said, "Upon him be peace and the mercy of Allah."
He (the Messenger of Allah) sees what we do not see."
Allah the Exalted cleared A'ishah from the slander against her:
A'ishah said about the slander,
I went to my bed knowing at that time that I was innocent and that Allah would reveal my innocence, but by Allah, I never thought that Allah would reveal in my favor a revelation which would be recited, for I considered myself too unimportant to be talked about by Allah in the divine revelation that was to be recited.
So Allah revealed the 10 verses (of Surah an-Nur):
"Those who brought a false charge..."
(24:11-20)
'A'ishah said that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said:
"Surely, I know when you are pleased with me or angry with me."
I said, "How do you know that?"
He said, "When you are pleased with me, you say, 'No, by the Lord of Muhammad,' but when you are angry at me you say,
'No, by the Lord of Ibrahim.'"
Thereupon I said, "Yes, (you are right), but by Allah, I only boycott your name."
[Sahih al Bukhari 5228]
Her Knowledge:
Abu musa said:
مَا أَشْكَلَ عَلَيْنَا أَصْحَابَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم حَدِيثٌ قَطُّ فَسَأَلْنَا عَائِشَةَ إِلا وَجَدْنَا عِنْدَهَا مِنْهُ عِلْمًا.
There was never a hadith that was problematic upon us -the Companions of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ - except that when we asked 'A'ishah, we found that she had some knowledge concerning it.
Masruq said,
"I saw the scholars from the major Companions of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ asking her about the obligatory matters of the religion."
'Ata' bin Abi Rabah said,
"A'ishah was from the most knowledgeable people and generally had the best viewpoints."
Her Knowledge of Medicine:
'Urwah bin az-Zubayr, 'A'ishah's nephew, said to 'A'ishah,
"O my aunt, I am not surprised by your knowledge of Islamic jurisprudence, because you are the wife of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and the daughter of Abu Bakr.
I am not surprised by your knowledge of poetry, because surprised you are the daughter of Abu Bakr and he was from the most knowledgeable people in that field.
But I am surprised that you know medicine!"
['Urwah said]: "She tapped me on my you shoulder and said,
"The Messenger of Allah ﷺ became sick during the end of his life and the delegation of Arabs would visit from every direction, and I would hear the doctors treating the sick and I memorized it."
Her Generosity:
Urwah bin az-Zubayr said,
"Mu'awiyah once sent 100,000 dirham to 'A'ishah.
By Allah, before the evening came, she had given it all away to the poor.
When evening came, she said to her slave girl,
"Bring me food to break my fast with." The slave girl brought her bread and oil and said, "O Mother of the Believers, were you not able to buy us meat with one dirham?"
A'ishah said, "Do not scold me, if you had reminded me, I would have done so."
Her Death:
Ibn Abi Mulaykah narrated that Ibn 'Abbas asked permission to visit A'ishah before her death, and at that time, she was in a state of agony.
She said, "I am afraid that he will praise me too much."
And then it was said to her, "He is the cousin of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and one of the prominent Muslims."
Then she said, "Allow him to enter."
(When he entered) he said,
"How are you?"
She replied, "I am good if I fear Allah."
Ibn Abbas said, "Allah willing, (you are good).
You are the wife of the Messenger of Allah, and he did not marry any virgin except you, and proof of your innocence was revealed from the heavens."
Later on, Ibn az-Zubayr entered after him and 'A'ishah said to him, "Ibn 'Abbas came to me and praised me greatly, but I wish that I was a thing forgotten and out of sight."
'A'ishah died in Madinah on the 17th of Ramadan in 58 AH, during the reign of Mu'awiyah.
She was 63 years old.
She was buried in al-Baqi' at night.
Abu Hurayrah prayed the funeral prayer over her.
End.
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Some Notes from the book 📙
Chapter A'ishah Bint Abi Bakr:
- Shaykh 'Uthaymin noted, "Only three Companions narrated more ahadith than 'A'ishah: Abu Hurayrah, 'Abdullah bin 'Umar, and Anas bin Malik."
- Ibn Taymiyyah said, "Khadijah had a tremendous effect upon the early days of Islam.
Her aid in establishing the religion is unrivaled, not even 'A'ishah compares to her in this regard, nor any of the Mothers of the Believers.
A'ishah had a tremendous effect upon the later days of Islam.
The manner in which she carried the religion, conveyed it, and the knowledge she acquired is unrivaled, not even Khadijah compares to her in this regard, nor any of the Mothers of the Believers."
(Collection of Fatawa 4/393)
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